African Creation Spirituality: Insipirations for Contemporary Ecological Ethics
Brighton Katabaro Academy of International Ecumenism, University of Hamburg 1. Introduction In generations past, spirituality permeated every aspect of African life, from social organization and economic activity to health and politics. Wilson Niwagila famously described this integration of the spiritual and the material as being as inseparable as the "shell and yolk of an egg," a sentiment echoed by John Mbiti’s classic assertion that “Africans are notoriously religious” (Niwagila 1988, 34; Mbiti 1969, 1). This spiritual orientation was not, therefore, a discrete category of belief, but rather the foundational matrix through which identity, sociality, and humanity's relationship with the cosmos were understood and enacted. In other words, it formed worldviews that molded identity, behavior, and ecological practice, viewing all existence as a unified whole with direct implications for human–nature relations (Asamoah-Gyadu 2022, 8). This essay argues ...